Aroostook County, Maine Map with Towns and Land Area

How to use this map

The map opens on the Divisions view with all 71 of Aroostook County’s municipalities drawn straight from Census boundary files. Click any one to pin it and read its figures: land area in square kilometres, 2020 population and the density that falls out of those two. The tabs above the map change what the shading means. Divisions gives each unit its own colour so you can tell neighbours apart at a glance. Land area shades by size. Satellite drops one metre aerial imagery under the boundaries. Blank outline strips the fill away for printing or tracing.

The figure people misread is land area. Census land area excludes water, so a municipality with a lake or a river frontage looks smaller in the table than it does on the map. Northwest Aroostook is the clearest case here: its boundary encloses 6,864.46 square kilometres but only 6,779.54 of that is land, leaving 84.92 as water. If you are measuring something that sits on the ground, use the land figure. If you are measuring something that follows the boundary, use the polygon.

What this county is made of

Aroostook County holds 53 towns, 6 UTs, 2 citys, 9 plantations, 1 Reservation. Northwest Aroostook is the largest by land area at 6,779.54 square kilometres and Penobscot Indian Island the smallest at 0, which makes the largest roughly Infinity times the size of the smallest. The median sits at 98.82 square kilometres, so the spread is wide but most units cluster nearer the middle than the extremes.

Houlton is the shire town, which is the New England term for what the rest of the country calls a county seat. Presque Isle is the largest by population at 8,797, about 13 per cent of the county total. Houlton is the densest at 63.7 people per square kilometre and Glenwood the emptiest at 0.1, a ratio of about 637 to one. Glenwood has 5 people.

Across the whole county the density is 3.8 people per square kilometre. That is the number to hold on to, because it explains the shape of the map: a few dense nodes and a long tail of thinly settled ground, with the average describing almost none of the individual units.

Where the data comes from

Boundaries come from the Census Bureau TIGERweb county subdivision layer, which is the authoritative source for municipal geography in Maine. Land area is the Census land measurement, which excludes inland water. Population is the 2020 Decennial Census count for each municipality.

The sources are joined on municipality name, and that join is worth checking rather than trusting. The 71 land areas sum to 17,278.36 square kilometres against a published county land area of 17,278.38, which agrees to the hundredth. 7 of the 71 units are unincorporated townships, grants and purchases with no published municipal population, so they appear on the map without a population figure. The 64 with published figures sum to 65,239 against a published total of 67,105, a difference of 1,866 people. Both figures are given here rather than adjusting either one.

Aerial imagery, and how it is fitted to the map

The Satellite tab pulls one metre aerial imagery from the USGS National Map. One metre means each pixel covers roughly a square metre of ground, so at full zoom you can pick out individual buildings, field boundaries and the line of a farm track. That resolution matters at this scale. The national and state maps on this site use a NASA composite at five hundred metres per pixel, which is fine for showing where Maine sits in the country and useless for showing where a municipal line runs.

The boundaries are drawn in an Albers equal area projection fitted to this county, with standard parallels set inside its own latitude range. Equal area matters here because the map is shaded by area: if the projection distorted area, the shading would be lying. The imagery arrives in Web Mercator and is reprojected to match.

A check you can repeat on paper

Take Houlton. Its land area is 95.09 square kilometres and its 2020 population is 6,055. Divide 6,055 by 95.09 and you get 63.68 people per square kilometre, which is what the panel shows rounded to 63.7.

Now check it against the county. Houlton holds 9.3 per cent of the 65,239 people on 0.6 per cent of the 17,278.36 square kilometres. That gap between population share and land share is the whole story of the map in one comparison.

Mistakes that catch people out

Reading polygon area as land area. The map draws boundaries, and boundaries include water. This county encloses 17,637.08 square kilometres of polygon against 17,278.36 of land, so 358.72 is water, about 2 per cent.

Assuming a city is bigger than a town. In Maine those words describe charter type, not size. Penobscot Indian Island Reservation is the smallest unit here at 0 square kilometres.

Expecting the average to describe a unit. At 3.8 per square kilometre the county average sits between Glenwood at 0.1 and Houlton at 63.7, and matches neither.

Assuming municipal lines follow roads or rivers. Many were surveyed as charter grants or survey townships long before the roads existed. The straight lines on this map are the original survey, not modern infrastructure.

Related Calculators and Reference

• Maine County Map, for all 16 counties and where Aroostook sits among them
• United States Map, for the national view and how Maine compares
• Massachusetts County Map, for the same treatment applied to another New England state
• US Census Bureau Geography, the source for boundaries, land area and population